Peel and trim the carrots and cut into 1" chunks.
Peel the onion and cut in half from root to root. Cut one of the halves into 8 wedges (just keep cutting in half, root to root, until you have 8 pieces).
Add the short ribs, carrots and onion wedges to a large slow-cooker. Season with the salt and pepper.
Roughly chop the remaining onion half and add to a blender. Core and roughly chop the pear and add to the blender. If using fresh garlic, peel. If the cloves are large, roughly chop them. If using fresh ginger, peel and roughly chop. Add the garlic and ginger to the blender.
Add the coconut aminos, beef broth, rice wine vinegar, honey/dates, roasted sesame oil and red pepper flakes (plus the garlic powder and/or ground ginger, if using) to the blender and blitz until smooth.
Pour the sauce over the meat and vegetables. Cover and cook on low for 7 hours or high for 5 hours.
Serve with rice or veggie rice. Garnish with toasted sesame seeds and chopped fresh cilantro or parsley, if desired.